Purifying feed-water in steam-boilers



(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0. A. FRENCH.

PURIFYING FEED WATER IN STEAM BOILERS. No. 250,620. Patented Dec.6,1881.

N. PETERS. PlmwLilno u hcr, Wnlunghm. B4 c.

{No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2 O. A. FRENCH.

PURIPYING FEED WATER IN STEAM BOILERS.

No. 250,520. Patented Dec. 6,1881.

WITNESSES 1.7V V'EJVTOJ:

1%6 %MMV N. PETERS. Phnwulho nphur. Walhinglom n. c

UNITED STATES PATENT FFIQE.

CHARLES A. FRENCH, OF DAVENPORT, IOlVA.

PURIFYING FEED-WATER IN STEAM-BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,520, dated December6, 1881.

Application filed September 5, 1881. (N0 model.) i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHAS. A. FRENCH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Davenport, in the county of Scott and State of Iowa, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-Water Generatorsand Purifiers for Steam-Boilers, of which the following is aspecification.

Heretofore feed-water has been only partially purified bycompositionstending to filter, absorb, or collect only a part of the impurities,which after a while lose their power of absorbing impurities, and mustbe replaced or cleaned.

The object of my invention is to perfectly and more speedily purify thefeed-water and make it better adapted for locomotives, and make theoperation continuous without any perceptible loss of heat, and providefor a quick and speedy mode of removing the impurities as theyaccumulate; and it consists in forcing the feed-water into a receptaclethat is surrounded by steam, causing the feed-water to bespeedilyevaporared and condensed orabsorbed by the steam of theboiler--that is, pumped or injected, or mechanically or artificiallycirculated or exhausted or iorced through the feedwater-leaving all theimpurities in the receptacle, where they can be blown out or speedilyremoved by taking off the heads of thejaclset fand receptacle 6. Iattain these ObjeUtS by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings,in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical section of the boilerand apparatus, with the pump forcing thesteam through the apparatus.Fig. 2shows the pump exhausting the steam through the apparatus. Fig.3shows an injector or siphon connected in place of the pump.

'B is the boiler; e, the receptacle into which the feed-water to beevaporated is pumped or injected. fis the outer drum orjacket. The drum1 is to work in connection with a feeding-injector, to have the sameresults were the injector connected with the boiler; but this drum mightbe dispensed with if the pipe at is connected a little above the bottom,so as to leave some water in the receptacle all the time.

To carry my invention into efi'ect I place the boiler, either above orbelow the waterline, or with a pump, siphon, or injector, n, thencedischarging to the same place in the boiler. I circumscribe this vesselor receptacle c with another steam-tight drum, chamber, or jacket,f,leaving a steam-space between. I then connect the top or near the top ofthis outer drum or jacket,f, by a pipe, I), with the boiler above thewater-line, to supply the drum orjacketf with live steam to keep thevessel e hot, and the bottom of the outer drum or jacket, 1'', I connectby apipe, 0, with the boiler at any place, so that the steam thatcondenses Within the jacket f will run into the boiler by gravity.

The pump a may be either in or out of the boiler, and may be a rotary orcentrifugal pump, siphon, or injector, and may be connected with thereceptacle either at the steam inlet or outlet. In one case it willforce the steam into the apparatus. In the other case it will exhaustthe steam through the. apparatus, either way causing the desiredcirculation It the injector or siphon, Fig. 3, is used in place of thepump, the pipeg maybe. connected with the pipe 9, and the pipe 0 withthe pipe 1), and live steam may be conducted through the pipe 3 Thereceptacle 6 may haveaseries of shelves or partitions, w 10, Fig. 2, soas to cause the live steam to circulate more in going through thefeed-water, so that the steam will become more thoroughly saturated withmoisture.

It will be seen the feed-water may be allowed to circulate in a heaterconnected with the steam from the receptacle on its way to the boiler,thus partially condensing the steam, and thusincreasing the circulationof the steam through the apparatus.

I do not confine myself to the exact location of the injector, as it maybe cut either at the inlet or outlet to the receptacle.

If the pipe a is large enough, the pipe 0 may be connected with it, inplace of beingconnected with the boiler, in which case the cock shouldbe placed between the pipe to and the jacketf. Y

The feed-water is forced into the receptacle 0 through the pipe (I, and,being surrounded by steam, is soon heated as hot as the water in theboiler 13, and hot steam from the boiler B enters the pump at at 0, andis pumped or forced through the pipe 0, comes in contact with the waterin the receptacle 0, absorbs it, and carries it over into the boiler Bthrough the pipe 9, leaving every particle of impurity in the vessel orreceptacle 6, where, by opening a cock in the pipe at and closing thecock 7c, the impurities can be blown out or steam may be allowed to blowthrough the pipe a for the same purpose; or the cock it may be openedand the cock 7c closed and water from the boiler blown through and rinseout the drum; or the chamber or receptacle 6 may be cleaned anytime,without blowing ol'fthesteam in the boiler, by closing the cocks My70 and taking the heads off the jacket f and r'eceptacle c. The feed-Water may be heated by exhauststeam or otherwise in any manner beforeitis forced or in jected into the receptacle 0, to save fuel. All theWater that condenses in the jacketfis the same as so much pure waterpumped into the boiler.

It will be seen that the pipe a can be connected anywhere on thereceptacle 6. As long as there is a place in the pipe that is higherthan the water in the receptacle 6 the water cannot run into the boilerby gravity; also, that the pipe I) might be dispensed with by making thepipe clarge enough to supply steam, and also carry off the condensedsteam; or the jacket f may be secured to the boiler, and a series ofholes in the partition, or no partition between the bottom of thereceptacle e and the boiler.

It will be seen that the receptacle 0 andjacket fmayhe placed below thewater-line, if there issome means of pumping or keeping the Water out ofthe steam space; also, the upward bend in the pipe a may be dispensedwith, ifthe pump is tight, to prevent the water from running into theboiler.

The receptacle 0 may be dispensed with by making the pipe at largeenough and extending it upward or at an angle, enlarging it in place ofextending the receptacle 0.

By a peculiar or nozzle shape given to the pipe to, and introducing thefeed-water at an appropriate place and in such a quantity, there may bean increased speed of circulation of the steam, and cause the Water torise in the shape of spray and enter the boiler as steam.

1 claim- 1. As an improvement in the process of purifying feed-water forsteam-boilers, the process of mechanically or artificially circulatinglive steam through a feed water receptacle, by which the water isabsorbed or generatedinto steam, as set forth.

2. 1n the process of feeding steam -boilers, the process of mechanicallyor artificially circulatinglive steam through the feed-water that isconfined in a receptacle, absorbing or gener-

